Progress of HL-LHC magnets: a collaborative effort

Q1 and Q3 triplet magnets – US-AUP collaboration

The first cryoassembly from US-AUP was delivered to CERN in November 2023 and will be re-tested at CERN in June 2024 (see figure 1, left). Production of the second cryoassembly was completed at Fermilab (see figure 1, right) and the completed assembly is ready for the horizontal test which will take place during the summer. Both magnets will be installed in the IT String. Two additional magnets have been successfully tested vertically at BNL, namely MQXFA07b in January 2024 and MQXFA15 in March 2024, bringing the total of conforming magnets to 10, out of 20 needed (16 for installation plus 4 spares). Magnet MQXFA17, currently under testing, is limited by one coil below nominal current. In the past years, two magnets with limiting coils MQXFA07, MQXFA08 went through a coil replacement at LBNL and successfully passed the acceptance test after this intervention.

2 red cryomagnets
Figure 1: First US cryomagnet being connected to the test station at CERN (left) and second cryomagnet at Fermilab for the final phase of pressure testing (right).

Nested orbit correctors – CIEMAT collaboration

In the autumn of 2023 the contract for series manufacture was terminated; the rest of the series production, including 5 long correctors and 8 short ones, will be  shared between CIEMAT for coil manufacturing (see figure 2, right) and components follow-up, while magnet assembly and testing will take place at CERN (see figure 2, left). The first corrector MCBXFB05 built with this new organisation was successfully tested at CERN in June 2024. Production will be completed at the end of 2025.

magnet, a hand with coil, and team coil winding
Figure 2: MCBXFA1 at CERN (left) and coil winding of MCBXFA2 (right).

D1 – KEK collaboration

The second series magnet, MBXF5, was tested at the beginning of 2024, reaching ultimate current. The second powering cycle has been postponed due to issues in the vertical test station. In spring 2024, the third series magnet, MBXF2, has also reached ultimate current ; powering tests are still ongoing. Half of the magnets have been completed at Hitachi. The D1 prototype was tested at CERN in the final configuration (see figure 3, left) at the beginning of 2024, reaching project requirements; in particular, the fine tuning of the coil cross-section to minimise b3 and b5 was successfully validated. The magnet will be delivered for installation in the IT String during the summer.

D1 prototype under testing
Figure 3: D1 prototype under testing at CERN.

D2 – INFN-Genova collaboration

Both the first and second series magnets, MBRD1 and MBRD2, have been completed at ASG, and delivered to CERN for integration in the cold mass. Some non-conformities have been found and are being treated; the first magnet to be integrated in a series cold mass with the correctors will be MBRD2, with MBRD1 to follow, after repair at ASG. Coil production was completed at ASG, and the collaring of the apertures of the third series magnet, MBRD3, is ongoing.

D2 correctors – IHEP collaboration

Two additional correctors, MCBRD4 and MCBRD5, have been completed at BAMA; MCBRD4 was successfully tested at IMP and shipped to CERN. Another magnet, MCBRD12, was manufactured with components from IHEP, and successfully tested, at CERN. Coil production is restarting at BAMA (see figure 3, right), after relocation of the manufacturing site, and 5 apertures out of a total of 24 are still needed to complete production.

covered magnet in front of sign for 'large magnet facility' and coil winding close up
Figure 4: First series magnet, MBRD1, being unpacked at CERN, with two D2 correctors from the IHEP collaboration in the background. Coil winding at BAMA (right).